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What is the different Plug valve and Ball Valve?

Any production arrangement where one needs to monitor, regulate, or alter the flow of a liquid media through various piping sections of a system must include control valves. Every piping system needs control valves as a crucial component.

Control valve types include ball and plug valve models that carry out comparable functions and are frequently used interchangeably. They remain unique in terms of the overall structure, function, and applied applications. This guide lists all the major differences between plug vs ball valve and other relevant information that can help people in choosing the ideal valve type for the desired applications from reliable industrial valve suppliers.

What Is Plug Valve ?

China Plug valve

A plug valve rotates in a 90-degree turn and it regulates flow using a tapered or cylindrical stopper. The disc has a path for the flow to pass through and is shaped like a plug. The bore passage is in the flow while it is open. The heavy part of the stopper restricts the flow when it is swiveled 90 degrees from the open position.

In situations where speedy operation is necessary, it is utilized in place of a gate valve. Typically, plug valves are chosen for low-pressure and low-temperature applications. For usage with corrosive chemicals, plug valves that have body linings made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be utilized.

What Is Ball Valve ?

Ball valves are on or off mechanisms with a quarter-turn. The valve’s movable ball, which is located in the center, regulates the flow of gas or fluid media. The rotary ball, which serves as the pivot, is made with a hole in the middle. The ball is swiveled to open or shut down the valve via a stem on its top. The stem can be swiveled manually or automatically using levers.

Steel, bronze, iron, brass, or PVC are the materials that ball valves are most frequently composed of. Multiple ports, or apertures in the valve, are possible with ball valves. Two-port ball valves are utilized for conventional on or off control and retain double ports. Applications that need more than one media source or that require diverting media in various directions employ multi-port valves, such as 3-way valves, 4-way valves, etc.).

Plug Valve Vs Ball Valve: Major Differences

Check out the main differences between ball valves and plug valves.

Different Types of Valve

The different types of plug valves vs ball valves are listed below.

  • Plug Valves

Most plug valves are full bore, especially rectangular port valves. Round port and diamond port valves can also be used, but their usage is quite limited to low-pressure applications. Lubricated plug valves and non-lubricated plug valves are the two types of plug valves.

The plug of lubricated plug valves is typically made of metal and possesses a lubricant chamber that maintains lubrication all the time. The lubricated plug moves more easily, experiences less friction, and is corrosion-resistant. Lubricated plug valves can deal with larger and high-temperature applications.

  • Ball Valves

A form of control valve that has numerous applications is the ball valve. In accordance with their construction and purpose, they are available in a variety of sizes and shapes. Because of this, they are currently among the valves used most frequently in the pipe industry. There are ball valves with full and reduced bores.

Full bore ball valves enable unrestricted medium flow. As the bore is less than the diameter of the pipeline, reduced bore or reduced port valves restrict the media flow. Ball valves can be mounted on a float or trunnion. Floating ball valves are utilized in applications where a bi-directional shut-off is necessary. High-pressure, high-temperature applications use ball valves with trunnion installation.

Structure Of The Valves

The structural difference between plug and ball valve is mentioned here.

  • Plug Valves

A plug valve, which has a conical tapering or cylindrical disc, regulates the flow of liquid through one or additional sideway-moving passageways. The hollow tunnel aligns with the flow when the valve is open, enabling the liquid to flow freely. The plug is realigned to restrict the flow after a 90-degree rotation shuts down the valve.

The plug valve is a compact, straightforward device that alters the flow of media by cutting or dispersing. Although some specialized varieties of plug valves can function in high-temperature situations, their primary applications are in medium or low-pressure and low-temperature environments.

  • Ball Valves

The ball valve is an altered plug valve that has a spherical disc and a circular bore channel. The port is a hole that exists in the disc. The valve is open, and the medium seeps through it when the port is in line with the dual ends of the valve. The flow ceases when the port is vertical to the valve ends.

Ball valves are useful for a range of systems due to their small structure, simple use and upkeep, and compatibility with water, acids, natural gas, and solvents. Even in the extreme operating environments of media like hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, methane, or ethylene, ball valves are an excellent choice. Traditional gas shutdown ball valves are best suited for open and close operations, while more sophisticated or customized models also deliver flow control and throttling features.

Function

The plug valves and ball valves operate with a rapid 90-degree rotation of the actuator, making them quarter-turn valves that open and close. Their main function is sealing and shut-off procedures. The plug valve’s sealing surface is substantially greater than a ball valve. Better sealing properties result from this, but it also entails greater torque and more work during operation.

Ball valves are somewhat simpler to regulate than plug valves because of their torque-free functioning and lightweight feature. Despite the possibility that their tiny sealing surface may result in poor sealing performance, developments in chemical sealants and seal injections have helped to address this flaw.

Construction

Both plug and ball valves have bored discs in the middle. A ball valve features a spherical disc with a hollow center. A plug valve is composed of a conical or cylindrical disc with drilled apertures. The disc or ball in a plug valve is larger than the disc or ball in a ball valve, and it enables a plug valve to provide a tighter shut-off than a ball valve. Plug valves are also more compact than ball valves. Plug valves can be effortlessly positioned in tinier departments because of their low footprint.

Distinct Principle

The plug valve gave rise to the ball valve. They both rotate at 90 degrees, and based on whatever “plug” is being used, it can be a plug or a ball with a circular through hole or channel running through its center. The ball and ports should be arranged so that the sphere will appear as a sphere at the intake and outlet to stop the flow when rotated by 90 degrees.

The upper components of the plug valve, the conical plug, and the body surface created by the conical pressure are sealed with packing in the space between the plug and the body. Since plug valves typically do not retain bonnets and the handles are exposed outdoors at the end, they are easy to use and frequently inexpensive.

Control Capacity

A number of actuators, such as manual, pneumatic, hydraulic, electric, and other types, can be used to operate ball valves. They are easy to open and shut down and need little force, even while functioning in high-pressure circumstances.

Plug valves can be opened and closed manually or electrically using actuators. Despite being relatively expensive to install, pneumatic actuators can also be utilized to regulate them. Plug valves in high-pressure applications may be challenging to open and stop due to the substantial amount of torque. Because of this, plug valves are rarely used in larger applications.

Cost

The plug valve costs considerably less than ball valves. The “plug” is completely covered by the bushing, which deters wear on the valve body and plug. By changing the bushing and top seal, which can withstand 300°C of continuous use, the valve can be updated and repaired.

All other components of the plug valve are cast in a single step, and only the top face and flange need to be processed. However, the internal body does not need processing. Comparing the plug valve to the ball valve, there is a clear cost advantage of choosing plug valves.

Lifespan

In general, ball valves last longer than plug valves. A plug valve possesses a bigger surface area in contact with the medium and is required to deal with more torque. It shows that the valve has undergone greater deterioration and is more vulnerable to corrosion.

Ball valves have unique features that stop the medium from constantly contacting the disc. Even though there will be more moving parts, the low torque ensures that it will last longer with little to no wear and tear.

Customization

  • Check Valves

Even though it is only partially achievable, plug valve customization is also an option. It is possible because of their basic design, which offers little potential for development. There are many sizes of multi-port plug valves, varying from two to five ports.

Multiport valves need to be used carefully because they might not create a very tight shut-off. The expense of all additional plug valve modifications, like the addition of electric or pneumatic actuators or anti-friction components, is relatively expensive.

  • Ball Valves 

Compared to plug valves, ball valves offer a significant increase in adjustability. It is because there are so many different types of ball valves accessible in the marketplace. Ball valves come in unidirectional, bidirectional, and multidirectional varieties.

They can retain one, two, or three pieces with one or more ports. Ball valves with split-body, top-entry, end-entry, and side-entry options are accessible. Ball valves can also be equipped with double block and bleed capacities.

Maintenance

Both ball and plug valves require routine upkeep to operate effectively. Plug valves contain fewer moving components and simpler construction, making them relatively easy to maintain. Additionally, you can simply reach the remaining valve body for easy cleaning after eliminating and cleaning the plug.

Ball valves are more difficult to clean since the ball or disc is buried deep inside the valve and is hard to access. The ball valve’s body chamber may gather significant debris over time, adding to the problems of cleaning and maintaining it.

In comparison to ball valves, plug valves provide low-cost operations. It is so that the valve body and plug would not wear out as the plug fits underneath the bushing with a plug valve. In order to update and maintain the valve’s optimal function and

Are Plug Valves Better Than Ball Valves

manual Ball Valve
Source: Unsplash

Here are the top three primary reasons that explain why the plug valves are better compared to ball valves:

  • Plug valves cannot be replaced by ball valves, but the plug valves have the capacity to replace ball valves.
  • Plug valves are simpler to use. Contrarily, ball valves have a space between the body and the ball. Some medium stays in the void after the ball valve is placed and is shut down. The medium must be cleaned before the machine is put back into operation. It is a common issue in chemical and food manufacturing facilities. Ball valves become worthless in critical situations where the medium cannot be thoroughly cleaned due to a prolonged stop period.
  • Plug valves have a full port, meaning that the entire flow is permitted. However, ball valves can have a full port or a limited port.

Plug Valve Vs Ball Valve: How To Choose

By understanding the type of valve application, it can become easy to choose between ball valves and plug valves.

  • When To Acquire Plug Valves 

For bubble-tight shut-off, plug valves are used in liquid applications like vapor, air, gas, hydrocarbon, and others. Since they have a larger surface area and provide unrestricted medium flow, plug valves are frequently employed in slurries, sewage, and mud applications.

In order to ensure good sealing while working with corrosive or hard materials, strengthened plug valves are used. Because of their straightforward operational structure and anti-corrosion qualities, they are the most dependable shutdown option in sensitive applications.

  • When To Acquire Ball Valves

There are many applications for ball valves, and they are used in a variety of equipment, including generator skids, compressor skids, gas feed lines, crude oil plants, LNG plants, industrial gas processing plants, polymer plants, field gas plants, hydrocarbon processing, oil refinery feedstock lines, tank farms, separator skids, and automated process applications.

High-pressure ball valves are necessary for cryogenic, subterranean, and subsea applications. In addition, ball valves made of stainless steel are necessary for brewing, desalination, feedwater, cooling water, and petroleum refining.

Conclusion

Valves come in a variety of types, sizes, lifetime, purposes, and control capabilities. Plug valves and ball valves have the same purpose. They both regulate the flow of gas or fluid using either a straightforward on or off function or a multipath feature.

Due to their flexibility in high-pressure applications, ball valves are excellent choices. Whereas the plug valves can be maintained easily since they have easy construction and not too many moving components. It is possible to acquire ball valves and plug valves in bulk orders from a professional valve manufacturer.

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What Is ANSI Flange Rating And Flange Class

Each pipe fitting retains a certain pressure holding ability that is determined by the type and thickness of the metal. A flange is one of the essential parts of a pipe that connects to industrial valves, tools, and other spools of piping and carries the pressure created in the piping system during the operation.

The term “flange pressure rating” refers to a particular classification that specifies the ultimate temperature at which a given flange can withstand a given amount of pressure. The utmost pressure a flange can resist with growing temperature up to a limit for a certain temperature span is indicated by the flange pressure rating or class.

The American National Standards Institute, also known as ANSI, is a nonprofit, independent association that assists in regulating the standards for a variety of goods, services, operations, and personnel. One can be sure to get the appropriate flange given the material and the maximum pressure and temperature to which it will be subjected by looking at the ANSI rating.

Seven flange pressure ratings are delivered by the ASME or ANSI B16.5 standard, which are: 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500. Additionally referred to as the flange class, they are identified by the class and observed by any of the dimensionless integers. The terms “pound rating” and “pressure class rating” are also used to describe them.

Here are some vital features of flange classes are:

  • If the flange rating is high, the more pressure and temperature flanged valve can resist.
  • In comparison to flanges with less grades, those with higher values are thicker, heavier, and stronger.
  • Because flange dimensions fluctuate as pressure rating classes change, a flange from one pressure class might not match with a flange from an elevated or lower class.
  • The number of bolts grows along with the pressure rating, boosting the bolt area. By improving the bolt’s capacity to carry force and moment, the gain in bolt area decreases the potential for flange leakage.

What To Know About ANSI Flange Pressure Rating Chart

Flanges, valves, and fittings are governed by a variety of standards, but ANSI pressure ratings are arguably the most widely used set of guidelines. There are seven distinct ANSI flange pressure ratings. The flange will be smaller, lighter, and less robust if the flange rating is less.

140 pounds psi is the most that a class-150 carbon steel flange can resist when exposed to 600 degrees Fahrenheit. A class-300 flange with identical other specifications can sustain 570 psi. With the exact substance and bore size, a class-2500 flange can sustain up to 4730 psi, which is 34 times more pressure compared to a 150-class flange.

ANSI flanges are utilized for all applications other than oil drilling and well heading. For flanges up to 24 inches in diameter, ANSI B16.5 is utilized, and for flanges larger than 24 inches, ANSI B16.47 is employed.

Pressure Rating Designation Of Flanges

The results of the ANSI pressure rating chart are displayed in Class, Lb, or Pound. The designation of the pressure-temperature rating of flanges is class, which is followed by an arbitrary number. There are seven different sorts of flange rating designations, each denoted by a “#”:

  • 150#
  • 300#
  • 400#
  • 600#
  • 900#
  • 1500#
  • 2500#

The pound system is represented by the symbol “#,” which is also symbolized by “Lb.” Numerous designations, including 150 Lb, 150 Lbs, 150#, and Class 150, are used to identify flanges and these all signify the same thing. However, there is just one signal that is accurate, which is “Pressure class.”

All of these signs just represent the idea of a flange’s pressure or temperature capability for valves and are interchangeable. This pressure or temperature performance is crucial since it aids in the selection of the best flange for the circumstances.

A Brief Guide To ANSI Flange Pressure Rating Chart

Check out the details of the ANSI flange pressure ratings chart about class 1 flanges.

Class 150

  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 285 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 260 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 230 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 200 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 170 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 140 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 110 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 80 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 50 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 150# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 20 psi.

Class 300

  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 740 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 680 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 655 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 635 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 605 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 570 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 530 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 410 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 230 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 300# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 85 psi.

Class 400

  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 985 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 905 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 870 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 845 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 805 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 755 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 710 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 550 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 305 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 400# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 115 psi.

Class 600

  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1480 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1360 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1310 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1265 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1205 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1135 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1060 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 825 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 460 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 600# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 170 psi.

Class 900

  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 2220 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 2035 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1965 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1900 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1810 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1705 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1590 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1235 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 690 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 900# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 255 psi.

Class 1500

  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3705 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3395 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3270 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3170 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3015 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 2840 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 2655 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 2055 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1150 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 1500# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 430 psi.

Class 2500

  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is < 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 6170 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 200 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 5655 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 300 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 5450 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 400 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 5280 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 500 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 5025 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 600 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 4730 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 700 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 4425 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 800 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 3430 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 900 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 1915 psi.
  • If the temperature for Class 1 2500# flange is 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, the maximum pressure for flanges is 715 psi.

What Is The Effect Of Flange Pressure Rating On Flange Size

A method of grouping different pressure-temperature established ratings of flanges as per the flange material is known as flange pressure rating. There are a few aesthetic characteristics that distinguish a lower-class flange from a higher-class flange:

  • A flange with a comparatively higher grade is thicker and has greater pressure and temperature resistance.
  • The flange’s outside diameter will grow as the flange pressure rating does.
  • In accordance with the flange pressure rating, the bolt circle diameter will rise.
  • With higher flange classes comes larger bolt holes and more bolts to install.
  • Higher flange ratings also result in wider flange faces.

  • Conclusion

    At some particular temperature requirements, a flange with an elevated rating or class is more powerful than a flange with less rating or class. If they are constructed of the same material and have a higher grade, flanges can tolerate more pressure and heat. At the exact rating and flange class, a flange manufactured of a distinct material will have a varied holding capability for pressure and temperature.
    Flanged valves play an important role in every industrial application, hope this article could help you find the best valve for your application. If you need high quality flanged valves, feel free to catact us [email protected]

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Leading Ball Valve Manufacturers In Europe

For industrial valves, Europe is the world’s largest manufacturer of oil and gas valves. The 8 % market in the United States is accounted for by ball valves. After China and Germany, Italy was the third-largest exporter of industrial valves in 2016. In this post, you’ll learn about the top ball valve manufacturers in Europe, giving you additional alternatives when it comes to choosing the correct type of ball valve.

Finding the proper business partner for effective operations is critical for anyone involved in the oil and gas industry. However, in an industry as big as the oil and gas industry, finding the ideal fit that meets all of your business criteria is not always straightforward.

In order to meet this challenge, numerous reputed online B2B platforms have been developed specifically for this dynamic industrial landscape, and to make things easy we have compiled a list of some of the most reputable high-performance ball valve manufacturing businesses.

List of leading high-performance ball valves manufacturers in Europe

Europe’s top high-performance valve manufacturers are listed below

  1. Babcock Valves.
  2. Bohmer Ball Valve, Sprockhovel, Germany.
  3. ABO Valve-Olomouc, Czech Republic.
  4. Tecnologías ECONTROL SL, Tarragona, Spain.
  5. Maverick Valves Manufacturing HQ BV, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
  6. Lead Valve (UK), London, UK.
  7. LESER GmbH & Co. KG, Hamburg, Germany.
  8. OMB Valve SpA, Cenate Sotto, Bergamo, Italy
  9. Galli&Cassina, Solaro, Milano, Italy.

  1. BABCOCK VALVES

Located in:Spain.

Founded in: 1976

Certificates: EACC 9001 / 14001 / 18001

Babcock Valves

In 1967, Babcock Wilcox Española -present in the Spanish market since 1918- implemented its diversification policy by setting up a valve manufacturing division, which soon became one of the leading players on the international market

2. Bohmer Ball Valve, Sprockhovel, Germany.

Located in: Germany

Founded in: 1956

Certificates: DIN EN ISO 9001, API 6D and API 6SS, PED (CE), GOST/EAC, CRN.

BOHMER

Source: BOHMER

BOHMER is one of the world’s major manufacturers of ball valves. They use careful coordination of design, materials and technologies to produce the best ball valve for your application.

Böhmer has been interchangeable for over 60 years, with absolute durability and safety. DN3 to DN 1400 (1/8-56 inch) ball valves are strong enough for your application.

Böhmer valves are widely used in the manufacturing business, as well as in the oil and gas industry. Similarly, with district heating pipes and networks.

3. ABO Valve-Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Located in: Czech Republic

Founded in: 1993

Certificates: TUV, GOST R, Lloyd’s Register, ABS, DVGW, or API 609-0068.

ABO

Source: ABO

With over two decades of experience, ABO is a leading manufacturer of high-quality industrial valves. ABO specializes in PTFE lined ball valves, double and triple offset high-efficiency valves for the chemical, power, oil & gas, shipbuilding industries and resilient seated ball valves.

4. Tecnologías ECONTROL SL, Tarragona, Spain.

Located in: Tarragona, Spain.

Founded in: 1970s.

Certificates: ISO 9001, BS OHSAS 18001 and ISO 14001.

ECONTROL

Source: ECONTROL

Control valves are designed, manufactured, and operated by ECONTROL, the indisputable European leader. Every year, ECONTROL Spain produces and ships about 5,000 control valves.

In the regulation service, the ECONTROL VC-100 and VC-101 globe control valves are reliable products. The VC-100s are ECONTROL’s most significant contribution to the process industries in Europe and around the world, and they’ve been in use for more than three decades.

 5. Maverick Valves Manufacturing HQ BV, Tilburg, The Netherlands

Located in: Tilburg, The Netherlands

Founded in: 2000

Certificates: PN16-PN420

Maverick Valves Manufacturing HQ BV

Source: Maverick Valves Manufacturing HQ BV

Maverick Valves Manufacturing HQ BV specializes in the manufacture and distribution of high alloy steel and titanium valves, both standard and custom-made.

Maverick develops and distributes custom-designed valves in various grades of high alloy materials, according to customer specifications. Sizes range from 12 to 56 inches (DN15-DN1400), with class ratings ranging from 150 to 4500 pounds (PN16-PN420).

6. Lead Valve (UK), London, UK.

Located in: London, UK.

Founded in: 1970

Certificates: API/BS/EN/AWWA/ISO etc

LEAD UK

Source: LEAD (UK)

LEAD (UK) is a technology-based firm that started valve engineering in the Oil & Gas sector. LEAD (UK) developed a workshop on industrial pipeline valves after eight years of expansion, progressively expanding the range of products with Globe/Check Gate Valves for Gas& Oil and Water Works Treatment. Lead Valve boosted its production capacity in 2008 to meet expanding global market demand. Iron, steel, and special alloy materials are used in global valves, which meet international criteria such as API/BS/EN/AWWA/ISO, among others.

7. LESER GmbH & Co. KG, Hamburg, Germany.

Located in: Hamburg, Germany.

Founded in: 1818

Certificates: ISO 9001, API, Etc.

LESER

Source: LESER

The LESER, a Hamburg-based company, is the largest manufacturer of safety valves in Europe and one of the leading firms globally, with 1,050 employees, eight branches, and distribution colleagues in more than 80 countries. LESER produces more than 130,000 safety valves each year for global markets in Hohenwestedt, Germany, as well as for local markets in Pathain, India, and Tianjin, China. LESER’s production is characterised by a great depth of production.

8. OMB Valve SpA, Cenate Sotto, Bergamo, Italy

 Located in: Bergamo, Italy

Founded in: 1973

Certificates: ISO 9001, ISO 15848, API 602, API 6A, etc.

OMB Valves Company

Source: OMB Valves Company

The OMB Valves Company is a valve manufacturer with a wide range of products for the oil industry. OMB is a family-owned and operated business that specializes in valves for the oil and gas, fuel, marine, and aerospace industries.

Engineered valves for heavy applications with a focus on high-pressure operation are their speciality. The company has had a Local Purchasing and Local Production strategy from its inception to promote the growth of the communities where it works and operates.

9. Galli&Cassina, Solaro, Milano, Italy

 Located in: Milano, Italy

Founded in: 1919

GalliCassina

Source: Galli&Cassina

Galli&Cassina is a major Italian valve manufacturer and a forerunner in the design and production of a full range of plug valves.

G&C began a massive development of Plug Valves to service the oil and gas sector around the globe and is currently one of the leading suppliers for all foreign oil and gas companies.

Conclusion

Industrial valves are in increased demand around the world, and producers are ready to meet the need. High-performance ball valve vendors in the United States and China can also provide you with high-quality valves. More fantastic vendors may be found in this comprehensive reference to valve manufacturers in Europe. If you are intrigued to know more, why not contact us at China

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Everything Details You Need to Know About Bellows Seal Globe Valves

A bellows seal globe valve is an essential component in many industries, such as chemical, oil and gas, and petrochemical industries. It is a type of industrial valve used to regulate and control the flow of fluids, gases, and other media through a pipeline or system.

Table of Contents

  1. What Is A Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    1. Components Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve
  2. Types Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    1. Welded Ends Bellow Seal Globe Valve
    2. Flanged Bellow Seal Globe Valve
    3. Socket-Welded Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    4. Threaded Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    5. Extended Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    6. Y Pattern Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    7. Difference Between A Globe Valve And A Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    8. Purpose Of Bellows In Valves
    9. Difference Between Bellows Seal Valve And Common Valve
    10. Meaning Of Bellows Seal
    11. Reason For Bellows
    12. How Bellows Work
    13. Types Of Valve Seals
    14. Two Types Of Valve Seals
    15. Disadvantages Of Bellows
    16. Bellows Failure
  3. How Does Bellows Seal Globe Valve Work?
    1. Comparison Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve With Other Valve Types
    2. Applications Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve
    3. Advantages Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve
  4. FAQs For Bellow Seal Globe Valve
    1. Who Manufactures Bellow Seal Globe Valves In China?
    2. What Is The Difference Between Bellows Seal Globe Valve And Traditional Globe Valve?
    3. How Do You Select The Right Bellows Seal Globe Valve For Your Application?
    4. What Are The Advantages Of Using Bellows Seal Globe Valve In High-Pressure And High-Temperature Applications?
    5. How Often Should You Replace The Bellows Seal In Bellows Seal Globe Valve?
    6. How Do You Troubleshoot Issues With Bellows Seal Globe Valve?
    7. Conclusion
  5. Get An Instant Quote
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What is a Bellows Seal Globe Valve

A bellows seal globe valve is an essential component in many industries, such as chemical, oil and gas, and petrochemical industries. It is a type of industrial valve used to regulate and control the flow of fluids, gases, and other media through a pipeline or system. These bellows valves are widely used because of their unique design, which includes a bellows seal that protects the stem from corrosion and prevents fluid from eroding the stem. So it’s very common to see the condition for corrosive or toxic media.

globe valves
globe valves

Components of Bellows Seal Globe Valve

The bellows seal globe valve consists of body, disc, stem, bonnet, bellows seal, and packing. The valve body is the primary component that houses the valve disc, which controls the flow of media. The valve stem connects the valve disc to the actuator or handwheel, which opens or closes the valve. The bonnet covers the stem and packing and the bellows valve provides a seal to prevent leakage. The following is the photo of bellow seal globe valve.

din globe valve with bellows
din globe valve with bellows
No. Parts Name  Materials
1 Body GS-C25/1.0619 CF8/1.4301 CF8M/1.4408
2 Seat Overlay 13Cr SS304 SS316
3 Disc surface Overlay 13Cr SS304 SS316
4 Stem X20Cr13 SS304 SS316
5 Bellows SS304/SS316/SS321/SS316T1 SS304/SS316/SS321/SS316H SS316/SS321/SS3167I
6 Gasket Graphite+SS Graphrte+SS Graphite+SS
7 Bellows cover SS304ZSS316 SS304/SS316 SS316
8 Bonnet GS-C25/1.0619 CF8/1.4301 CF8M/1.4408
9 Nut A194 2H A194 8 A194 8M
10 Bolt A193 B7 A193 B8 A193 B8M
11  Packing Graphite Graphite Graphite
12 Gland c.s CF8 CF8M
13 Pin Steel Steel Steel
14 Guide piece Steel Steel Steel
15 Stem nut Ductile iron Copper alloy Copper alloy
16 Grease Nipple H2 H2 H2
17 Hand wheel Steel Steel Steel
18 Lock nut A105 A105 A105

Types of Bellows Seal Globe Valve

There are several types of bellows seal valves and globe valves available in the market, each with unique design features and applications. Here are some of the most common types of bellows seal globe valves:

Welded Ends Bellow Seal Globe Valve

This type of valve has welded metal bellows that provides a flexible, leak-proof seal and protects the stem from corrosion. Welded ends bellows seal globe valves are ideal for high-temperature and high-pressure applications.

Flanged Bellow Seal Globe Valve

This type of valve has a flanged connection that makes it easy to install and remove. Flanged bellows seal globe valves are suitable for applications that require frequent maintenance and inspection.

din globe valve with bellows
din globe valve with bellows

Socket-Welded Bellows Seal Globe Valve

This type of valve has socket-welded connection ends which are suitable for high-pressure applications.

Threaded Bellows Seal Globe Valve

This type of valve has a threaded connection that makes it easy to install and remove. Threaded bellows seal globe valves are commonly used for small pipeline.

Extended Bellows Seal Globe Valve

This type of valve has extended bellows that provide additional protection against corrosion and allows the valve to operate at extreme temperatures and pressures.

api globe valve with bellows
api globe valve with bellows

Y Pattern Bellows Seal Globe Valve

The Y-Type Bellows Seal Globe Valve is an exceptionally secure and reliable component, featuring a double sealing structure of bellows and packing. This ensures complete protection from any potential leakage at the stem, making it ideal for use in pipelines carrying dangerous, flammable, explosive, toxic or valuable substances. Additionally, its construction ensures tight seals are maintained under high temperatures and pressures, while also minimizing any risk of leaks.

din y type globe valve with bellows
din y type globe valve with bellows

STV VALVE is a reliable globe valve manufacturer that has been producing high-quality industrial valves for over three decades. Our valves are made from high-quality materials and are designed to meet the specific needs of each application, just feel free to contact us for a free consultation.

Difference between a Globe Valve and a Bellows Seal Globe Valve

A globe valve and a bellows seal globe valve both belong to the family of globe valves, which are used to control the flow of fluids through a pipeline or system. However, the primary difference between them is the presence of a bellows seal in a bellows seal globe valve. A bellows seal is a flexible metal component that provides a leak-proof seal and protects the stem from corrosion, which makes the bellows seal globe valve more suitable for applications that require high performance and reliability.

din globe valve with bellows
din globe valve with bellows
din globe valve with bellows
din globe valve

Purpose of Bellows in Valves

The primary purpose of bellows in valves is to provide a flexible, leak-proof seal that protects the stem from corrosion and prevents fluid from eroding the stem. Bellows are also used to compensate for changes in temperature and pressure in the system, which allows the valve to operate smoothly and efficiently.

Difference between Bellows Seal Valve and Common Valve

The primary difference between a bellows seal valve and a common valve is the presence of a bellows seal. A bellows seal valve has flexible metal bellows that provide a leak-proof seal and protect the stem from corrosion, while a normal valve does not have this feature.

Meaning of Bellows Seal

A bellows seal is a flexible metal component that is used in valves to provide a leak-proof seal and protect the stem from corrosion. The bellows seal consists of metal bellows that is welded to the stem and a packing gland that secures the bellows in place.

Reason For Bellows

The primary reason for using bellows in a valve is to provide a flexible, leak-proof seal that protects the stem from corrosion and prevents fluid from eroding the stem. Bellows are also used to compensate for changes in temperature and pressure in the system, which allows the valve to operate smoothly and efficiently.

How Bellows Work

Bellows work by expanding and contracting to compensate for changes in temperature and pressure in the system. When the temperature or pressure in the system changes, the bellows expand or contracts to allow the valve stem to move freely, which prevents damage to the valve and ensures smooth operation.

Types of Valve Seals

There are three types of valve seals: packing, mechanical, and bellows.

Packing seals use a flexible material, such as graphite, to provide a seal around the stem. Mechanical seals use a rotating component to provide a seal, while bellows seals use a flexible metal component to provide a leak-proof seal and protect the stem from corrosion.

Two Types of Valve Seals

The two basic types of valve seals are static and dynamic. Static seals provide a seal between two stationary components, while dynamic seals provide a seal between two moving components.

Disadvantages of Bellows

One of the primary disadvantages of bellows is that they can fail over time, which can lead to leakage and other issues. Bellows can also be more expensive than other types of valve seals, which can make them less suitable for certain applications.

Bellows Failure

Bellows failure can occur due to a variety of factors, such as fatigue, corrosion, or mechanical damage. When a bellows fails, it can lead to leakage, reduced valve performance, and other issues. Regular inspection and maintenance can help prevent bellows failure and ensure the continued performance of the valve.

How Does Bellows Seal Globe Valve Work?

The operational principle of a bellows seal globe valve is based on its unique design, which includes a bellows seal that protects the stem from corrosion and prevents fluid from eroding the stem. The valve consists of a valve body, a valve disc, a valve stem, a bonnet, a bellows seal, and packing.

When the valve is in the open position, the valve disc is lifted away from the valve seat, allowing media to flow through the valve. The stem and the disc move together as the stem is rotated by the actuator. When the valve is in the closed position, the valve disc is pressed against the valve seat, preventing media from flowing through the valve.

Comparison of Bellows Seal Globe Valve with Other Valve Types

Parameter Globe Valve Ball Valve Butterfly Valve Gate Valve Diaphragm Valve Bellows Seal Globe Valve
Flow control Excellent Good Good Not Suitable Good Excellent
Leakage Low Low Low Low Very Low Very low(Zero Leakage)
Corrosion resistance Good Good Good High High Very high
Maintenance Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Low Low
Temperature range -20°C to 500°C -40°C to 200°C -20°C to 120°C -29°C to 425°C -29°C to 150°C -196°C to 600°C
Pressure range Up to 2500 psi Up to 1000 psi Up to 150 psi Up to 5000 psi Up to 200 psi Up to 2500 psi
Applications Water, steam, gases, oils Water, gases, oils Water, air, gases Steam, water, gases, oils Slurries, viscous fluids, corrosive chemicals Corrosive fluids, high temperature, and high pressure applications

Applications Of Bellows Seal Globe Valve

The bellows seal globe valve is widely used in industries where leak-proof and corrosion-resistant valves are required. Some common applications of the bellows seal globe valve are:

  • Chemical industry: The valve is used to control the flow of chemicals, acids, and other corrosive media.
  • Petrochemical industry: The valve is used in refineries and petrochemical plants to control the flow of various media.
  • Pharmaceutical industry: The valve is used in pharmaceutical plants to control the flow of sterile media.
  • Food and beverage industry: The valve is used to control the flow of food-grade media, such as milk, juice, and beer.

Advantages of Bellows Seal Globe Valve

  • Zero Leakage: The bellows seal provides a leak-proof seal that prevents fluid from leaking out of the valve.
  • Corrosion-resistant: The bellows seal protects the stem from corrosion, which extends the valve’s lifespan.
  • Maintenance-free: The bellows seal design eliminates the need for maintenance, which reduces downtime and lowers operating costs.
  • High temperature and pressure resistance: The bellows seal globe valve can withstand high temperatures and pressures, making it suitable for use in a wide range of applications.
oil and gas industry valves
oil and gas industry globe valves

FAQs For Bellow Seal Globe Valve

globe valve

1. What is the difference between the gate valve and the globe valve? Gate Valve VS. Globe Valve Both the globe valve and gate valve can be used in the pipeline to shut off the flow of the medium, and due to gate valve and globe valve also have similar structures. Therefore, for some new

Who Manufactures Bellow Seal Globe Valves In China?

Here are some reliable bellow seal globe valves manufacturer in China for your reference.

  1. STV Valve Technology Group Co., Ltd
  2. Zhejiang Youfumi Valve Co., Ltd.
  3. Beijing Valve General Factory Group Co.,Ltd
  4. Suzhou Neway Valve
  5. Zhejiang Boteli Valve
  6. Zhejiang Sedelon Valve Co., Ltd.
  7. Shanghai Valve Factory Co.,Ltd.
  8. Wuzhou Valve Co., Ltd.
  9. Lanzhou High Pressure Valve Co., Ltd.
  10. Shanghai Kaiweixi Valve Limited Company

What Is The Difference Between Bellows Seal Globe Valve And Traditional Globe Valve?

The primary difference between a bellows seal valve and a traditional valve is the presence of a bellows seal. A bellows seal valve has flexible metal bellows that provide a leak-proof seal and protect the stem from corrosion, while a traditional valve does not have this feature.

globe valve and check valve
20k 80 globe valve and check valve

How Do You Select The Right Bellows Seal Globe Valve For Your Application?

Selecting the right bellows seal globe valve for your application is crucial to ensure optimal performance, reliability, and safety. Here are some factors to consider when selecting the right bellows seal globe valve for your application:

  1. Fluid compatibility: It is important to select a valve that is compatible with the fluid being transported through the pipeline. This includes considering the chemical composition, temperature, and pressure of the fluid.
  2. Operating conditions: The operating conditions, including the temperature and pressure range, must be considered when selecting a bellows seal globe valve. This includes ensuring that the valve can handle the temperature and pressure range of the system.
  3. Flow rate: The flow rate of the fluid is an important consideration when selecting a bellows seal globe valve. The valve must be able to handle the required flow rate without causing excessive turbulence or pressure drop.
  4. End connections: The end connections of the valve must be compatible with the piping system to ensure proper installation and operation.
  5. Maintenance requirements: The maintenance requirements of the valve must be considered when selecting a bellows seal globe valve. This includes considering factors such as ease of maintenance, frequency of maintenance, and cost of maintenance.
  6. Quality and reliability: It is important to select a high-quality and reliable bellows seal globe valve to ensure optimal performance and safety.

What Are The Advantages Of Using Bellows Seal Globe Valve In High-Pressure And High-Temperature Applications?

Bellows seal globe valves offer several advantages in high-pressure and high-temperature applications, making them a popular choice for such applications. Here are some of the advantages of using bellows seal globe valves in high-pressure and high-temperature applications:

  1. Leak-proof seal: Bellows seal globe valves provide a flexible, leak-proof seal that protects the stem from corrosion and prevents fluid from eroding the stem. This makes them ideal for applications where leakage could cause significant damage or safety hazards.
  2. Corrosion resistance: Bellows seal globe valves are made of high-quality materials that are resistant to corrosion, making them suitable for use in harsh environments and corrosive fluids.
  3. Temperature range: Bellows seal globe valves can operate in a wide range of temperatures, from cryogenic temperatures to high-temperature applications up to 600°C. This makes them suitable for use in applications with extreme temperature ranges.
  4. Pressure range: Bellows seal globe valves can operate in high-pressure applications up to 2500 psi, making them ideal for use in applications where high pressures are required.
  5. Smooth operation: Bellows seal globe valves are designed to operate smoothly and efficiently, providing accurate flow control and reducing the risk of valve failure.
  6. Low maintenance: Bellows seal globe valves require low maintenance due to their durable construction and reliable operation. This makes them ideal for applications where maintenance is difficult or costly.
oil and gas globe valve
oil and gas globe valve

How Often Should You Replace The Bellows Seal In Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

The frequency of bellows seal replacement in bellows seal globe valves depends on several factors, such as the type of fluid being transported, operating conditions, and the quality of the bellows seal.

In general, bellows seal replacement is typically required when there is evidence of seal failures, such as leakage or reduced performance. Regular inspection and maintenance can help detect signs of bellows seal failure and prevent unexpected downtime or safety hazards.

The recommended replacement interval for bellows seals can vary depending on the application and the manufacturer’s guidelines. However, a general rule of thumb is to replace the bellows seal every 2-3 years or when there is evidence of seal failure, such as leakage or reduced performance.

It is important to note that regular inspection and maintenance are crucial to ensuring the proper functioning of the bellows seal globe valve. This includes checking the bellows seal for signs of wear and damage, inspecting the stem and disc for proper alignment, and ensuring that the valve is properly lubricated.

By following the manufacturer’s guidelines and performing regular inspection and maintenance, you can ensure that the bellows seal globe valve operates safely and efficiently and that the bellows seal is replaced as needed to prevent leakage and other issues.

din globe valve with bellows
globe valve with bellows

How Do You Troubleshoot Issues With Bellows Seal Globe Valve?

Here is a table outlining some common issues that can arise with bellows seal globe valves and possible troubleshooting steps:

Issue Possible Causes Troubleshooting Steps
Leakage Damaged or worn bellows seal, improperly installed valve, damaged valve body or disc, excessive fluid pressure or temperature Inspect bellows seal for signs of wear or damage, check valve installation for proper alignment and torque, inspect valve body and disc for signs of damage, check fluid pressure and temperature to ensure they are within valve limits
Valve does not close completely Improperly adjusted actuator, damaged valve disc or seat, obstruction in valve body Check actuator settings and adjust if necessary, inspect valve disc and seat for signs of damage or wear, inspect valve body for obstructions and remove if necessary
Excessive noise or vibration Misaligned valve components, excessive fluid pressure or flow rate, worn valve components Inspect valve components for proper alignment, check fluid pressure and flow rate to ensure they are within valve limits, inspect valve components for signs of wear and replace as needed
Difficult to operate Damaged or worn stem or packing, improper lubrication, misaligned valve components Inspect stem and packing for signs of damage or wear, lubricate valve components according to manufacturer’s recommendations, inspect valve components for proper alignment
Corrosion Exposure to corrosive fluids or environments, low-quality materials Select valve materials that are resistant to corrosion, ensure proper maintenance and cleaning to prevent corrosion buildup

Conclusion

In conclusion, the bellows seal globe valve is an essential component in many industries due to its unique design and functionality. Its ability to provide a leak-proof and corrosion-resistant seal makes it an excellent choice for applications that require high performance and reliability. We hope that this article provides you with valuable insights into the design, functionality, and applications of the bellows seal globe valve. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or comments. STV is your reliable industrial valve partner here.

globe valves 1
bellows seal globe valves manufacturer 
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What Is Trunnion Ball Valve?

A crucial tool for controlling the flow of liquids, gas, steam, or oil in a pipeline is the Trunnion ball valve. The device has a quarter-turn design with a ball that can bend 90 degrees to obstruct or permit liquid flow. To control the begin-halt flow cycle, these valves have a spherical disc design in the middle that revolves.

The disc, which is frequently referred to as a ball, is made with a thin, mechanically supported shaft projecting from the top and bottom. The location of a hole in the middle of the ball regulates flow. Trunnion mounted ball valves are helpful in applications where shut-off function is necessary because of their adaptability.

The support for the ball in the Trunnion ball valves is sufficient. The support, which resembles a shaft in shape, is known as a trunnion. The Trunnion absorbs any extra pressure created by the flow, reducing the pressure on the seat of the valve and ball. Ball valves placed on Trunnion are employed in large-scale applications mandating little operating torque.

Parts Of A Trunnion Ball Valve 

trunnion mounted ball valve trim

The Trunnion-mounted ball valves resemble the common ball valves in terms of structure. The design of the trunnion-mounted ball valve features mechanically supported, gloomy tended shafts at its top and bottom. This enables it to be utilized at high pressures and massive diameters.

Different types of Trunnion ball valves are produced, and you can acquire them from a reliable valve manufacturer in china. The seat rings at the two extremities of the Trunnion design are condensed to keep the ball in place. Here are the different parts of Trunnion ball valves.

  • Body 

The ball valve’s body is the casing that supports the inside of the valve and keeps it in place. Based on the function it will receive, the substance for this design may be constructed of various products. Carbon steel, stainless steel, duplex, low-temperature carbon steel, Inconel, and super duplex are a few of the materials that are frequently utilized.

  • Ball

It rotates through a disc with a sphere-like form to halt or start flow in a steady rotation. On one end, it is attached to the Trunnion, and on the other, to the stem. While it takes turns, the ball is secured in place. The seats of the Trunnion ball valve frequently get into touch with this ball, lowering the torque.

  • Seat 

The Trunnion ball valve’s seat is a design element that encircles the ball. The seats hold the ball firmly in place when the actuator is switched on, preventing access. There are two varieties: soft and metal, which causes it to move in the ball’s general direction.

  • Trunnion

The trunnion ball valve has an additional shaft that holds the ball in place from below, which is called Trunnion. Its purpose is to maintain the ball’s tight attachment. In some Trunnion mounted ball valves, the Trunnion is an attachment of the spherical ball, and the rest of the time, it is connected to the spherical ball disc through welded joints.

  • Stem

The ball and the actuator are connected by the trunnion ball valve’s stem. It is attached to the ball by an extra shaft, which aids in keeping the ball firmly in position. Additionally, it controls how the ball moves. Trunnion-mounted ball valves retain stronger anti-blowout stems, which allows them to withstand high pressures and temperatures without suffering any harm.

  • Disk

A perforated, solid ball is the shape of the disc in a Trunnion ball valve. The ball is attached to the stem on one side, and on the other, to the Trunnion. The ball or disc in a Trunnion ball valve is stabilized while it revolves. Because the seats are always in touch with the ball, torque is decreased.

  • Actuator

A trunnion ball valve’s actuator is utilized to open or shut down the valve. Based on the application and medium, like air-operated ball valves, numerous types of actuators are utilized in ball valves. On a valve, typical actuators include bare stems, hand levers, pneumatic actuators, gears, and hydraulic actuators. Additionally, you can utilize a motor-operated actuator, a hydraulic-operated actuator, an electric actuator, a gas actuator, gas-over-oil actuator, and more.

  • Injection

In the seat and stem region, injection fittings are created. Grease can be inserted using a sealant injection fitting when sealing is weakened, and leakage starts. A partial seal is created by the injected sealant to halt additional leaking. The sealant injection fittings are only to be utilized in emergencies.

How Do Trunnion Mounted Ball Valves Work?

Trunnion ball valves are simply 90-degree turn valves. It implies that to swing the valve on or off, the actuator must be slanted at a 90-degree angle. The ball pivots after the actuator are turned, allowing the medium to flow freely because the bore is towards the pipeline. By turning the handle one more time, the ball is moved so that the bore of the ball meets away from the pipeline, halting the flow.

For instance, you need to control the flow of oil through a crucial procedure component. To complete the task, install a three-piece, split-body, or half-bore ball valve. You must rotate the valve’s actuator 90 degrees in one direction to begin the flow of oil, normally clockwise.

The ball is attached to the valve stem, which is related to the actuator. The ball is also moved by the stem’s rotation, so the side bearing the bore encounters the pipeline. Due to the half-bore valve’s restriction on oil flow, the stream’s flow pressure is reduced.

Rotate the actuator once more to halt the flow, shifting the ball and stem simultaneously. Now that the ball’s bore is turned away from the pipeline and the flow is impeded. The seats of the valve are shoved closer to the ball by the upstream pressure, creating a strict seal.

Even modest pressures can force the seats of a Trunnion-mounted ball valve against the ball because of its spring-loaded design. The oil flow is stopped by this closed seal, which also prohibits oil from penetrating the valve’s interior components.

Trunnion ball valves are employed in high-pressure and low-pressure systems. The Trunnion absorbs any additional pressure on the seats and ball in high-pressure settings, allowing the valve to retain its torque. The valve’s spring-loaded seats shift toward the ball in low-pressure conditions to create a tight seal.

Advantages Of Trunnion Ball Valve

Here are the primary advantages of the Trunnion ball valve.

  • Less Torque 

A Trunnion, or lower stem, is utilized in a Trunnion ball valve to support the ball inside the valve body. The trunnion stem prevents unreasonable friction between the ball and seats by absorbing the thrust from the line pressure. As a result, even at the maximum working pressure, operational torque is kept to a minimum.

  • No Size Limit

Trunnion ball valves come in a wide range of sizes. Large-sized balls can fit into two-piece and three-piece ball valves, making them ideal for bigger applications. Tinier, low-pressure applications can make use of one-unit Trunnion ball valves. These ball valves are appropriate for important applications because they can deal with high-pressure operations.

  • Spring-Loaded Seats

Trunnion ball valves have spring-loaded seats. In addition, these Trunnion mounted ball valves are efficient in low and high-pressure conditions. The spring-loaded seats function for high-pressure applications as well as little or no pressure circumstances, forming a seal.

  • Customizable Features 

They retain a wide range of value-added characteristics. To make the seats and the ball more durable and ensure a tight seal, injections might be utilized. Corrosion-resistant nuts and bearings can be utilized to extend the valve’s life. It is possible to equip massive valves with lifting lugs.

  • Self Relief Pressure

The seat is originally electrified by the springs in Trunnion ball valves with cavity relief. However, the primary sealing force is provided by the line pressure disparity between the seat and the cavity. In order for the pressure to pile up and to plug the valve at downward pressure, the springs initiate a seal.

When the cavity pressure and line pressure are equal, the only thing generating the seal is the load provided by the springs, which is all the cavity pressure has to overpower for cavity relief. The valve will always release to the side with low pressure if there is enough cavity overpressure.

  • Ease of Operation

The Trunnion and stem of the valve are designed to withstand any additional pressure. It indicates that a smaller actuator and lower working torque are required for the valve. As a result, costs are decreased, and using the valve is simplified. Three-piece Trunnion ball valves are also simple to fix, maintain, replace, and clean because only a single piece needs to be taken off to get to the valve’s functional components.

  • Compliance

A Trunnion ball valve complies with a number of different industry standards and is planned in accordance with API608 or API 6D. The Trunnion valve’s basic design, size, and testing standards are provided by API 6D. Additionally, the API 6D standard specifies the Trunnion ball valve standard weights for various body and bore diameters.

  • Double Block and Bleed Capabilities 

Trunnion ball valves’ ability to double block and bleed is one of their distinguishing characteristics. A double block and bleed valve can be created using several Trunnion ball valves. A two-piece or three-piece trunnion ball valve can also have a bleed body added to it to help with sealing. It is possible to rinse the valve under pressure and check that the seats are correctly sealing, thanks to the double block and bleed feature.

Disadvantages Of Trunnion Ball Valve

Here are the primary disadvantages of the Trunnion ball valve.

  • A Trunnion ball valve is challenging to fix in-line because of the way it is entirely welded or bolted together. Repairs have the potential to highly obstruct regular pipeline systems.
  • If essential maintenance is not done, welded parts may start to operate with more friction, which could reduce efficiency.
  • Another main disadvantage is the expensive costs associated with these valves.

Applications Of Trunnion Ball Valve

Trunnion ball valves are highly regarded for their remarkable versatility because they can be used in both small-scale and large-scale, high-pressure and low-pressure applications. These ball valves can also be utilized in a wide range of sectors, thanks to their adaptable characteristics, simplicity of use, outstanding durability, and numerous other advantages.

  • Oil and gas sectors 

Trunnion ball valves are ideal for a variety of applications in the oil and gas sectors. Gas feed lines, industrial gas processing plants, field gas plants, oil refinery feedstock lines, and crude oil plants are a few models of oil and gas businesses that utilize Trunnion-mounted ball valves.

  • Chemical industries

Trunnion ball valves are ideal for a range of chemical sectors because they provide exceptional safety, reliability, and sealing capacities.

  • Pipeline industries

Trunnion ball valves are extremely useful in the pipeline business since they can deal with a variety of applications, including handling gases, slurries, and fluids.

  • Power Industries

Trunnion ball valves can be utilized in a wide range of power industry applications, including those involving turbines, generators, skids, and compressors.

  • Hydrocarbon industries 

Trunnion-mounted ball valves are quite common in the hydrocarbon sectors because they help make the processing of hydrocarbons easier.

Conclusion

Due to their adaptable properties, Trunnion mounted ball valves are particularly versatile and employed in a wide range of sectors. These valves are primarily employed in the LNG, petrochemical, oil and gas, and chemical industries.

For low temperature, high pressure, and large-scale applications, they are ideally suited. Does your business require a bulk quantity of Trunnion mounted ball valves for industrial purposes? In that case, make sure to contact a reliable valve manufacturer to get customized Trunnion-mounted ball valves that meet your business requirements.

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Different Types of Ball Valve Seats

In this ball valve seat material selection guide, consumers will explore the basics of ball valve seat design. By learning the fundamentals of ball valve seat design, consumers are able to make an informed decision that ensures safe and reliable operation.

What is a Ball Valve Seat?

A ball valve seat is a critical component of a ball valve that provides a tight seal when the valve is in the closed position. It consists of two parts: the ball and the seat. The seat is typically made from either plastic or metal and can be designed to fit different diameters of pipes. The seating surface is usually highly polished, allowing for an effective seal when the ball is inserted into it.

Ball valves are used in many different applications, ranging from controlling water flow to regulating pressure in gas systems. In order to ensure that these valves operate effectively, a properly functioning ball valve seat design must be selected and installed. When the ball is closed, the seat creates an airtight seal, preventing any leakage of the medium being controlled.

Different Types of Ball Valve Seats

There are various types of ball valve seats available on the market today, each designed to meet specific needs.

Soft Seats

Soft Seats are one of the most common types of ball valve seats used in today’s industry as they provide better sealing and longer life cycles. Generally, these ball valve seat material is made from a synthetic elastomer, which provides excellent sealing capabilities. Their large seating surface area also helps to preserve their sealing capability over time.

Metal Seats

Metal Seats are a type of ball valve seat commonly used in industrial settings. They are often made of stainless steel, brass, or chrome-plated materials and have a high degree of strength and durability. Metal seats are typically resistant to corrosion and can handle higher temperatures than other valve seat materials.

Graphite Seats

Graphite seats are known for their superior wear resistance, which makes them ideal for applications that require frequent operation or cycling. Graphite seats also offer better sealing pressure than other seat materials.

Graphite is an alloy made up of 85% carbon and 15% natural graphite, brass powder, and ebonite. This creates a strong yet flexible material that will provide a reliable seal in harsh conditions.

PTFE Seats

PTFE seats are a type of seat used in an industrial ball valve, which are the primary component of water and gas pipelines. PTFE is a unique material that offers excellent chemical resistance, electrical insulation, and a low coefficient of friction. It is also highly temperature resistant and can handle temperatures ranging from -400°F to 500°F (-240°C to 260°C). Furthermore, it is completely non-porous, making it ideal for high-pressure applications.

Nylon Reinforced Seats

Nylon-reinforced seats are the most durable ball valves and are used for high-pressure applications. They are two-piece split body ball valves made of stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant metals with a nylon-reinforced seat. Nylon-reinforced seats offer excellent corrosion resistance and have the highest pressure rating among all materials used in ball valves, typically achieving a working pressure range of up to 2,000 psi.

Ceramic Seats

Ceramic ball valve seats can provide an excellent seal against water, gas, steam and other fluids. They are often preferred over other materials due to their ability to withstand heat, corrosion, abrasion and damage from harsh chemicals. Ceramic ball valve seats are made from a combination of ceramic and metal components that form a hard and durable material.

Considerations of Choosing Ball Valve Seat Design

When considering a ball valve seat design, there are several important considerations to bear in mind. It is essential that the selected valve seat material can withstand the specified pressure rating and any surges.

cast steel ball valve

Compliance With Industry Standards

When selecting a ball valve seat design, it is important to consider the various industry standards that are in place. Different valves companies have specific requirements for ball valves, so it is important to ensure that the chosen design complies with all applicable standards.

Pressure and Temperature Requirements

Pressure and temperature can impact the durability of the seat as well as its ability to perform its desired function. The pressure rating of a ball valve seat is largely determined by its construction material. It is important to select the correct pressure rating for a valve seat based on the application requirements.

Temperature requirements, on the other hand, must also be taken into account when selecting a ball valve seat material. Different materials will have different degrees of resistance to extremes in pressure and temperature, so it is important to choose the right material to ensure that it can withstand the operating conditions.

Material Selection and Compatibility

The valve seat should be chosen based on the fluid environment in which it will be used. The material chosen for the valve seat should withstand corrosion and other environmental factors that could potentially cause damage or failure.

The choice of the material should also take into account any potential chemical interactions between the seat material and the fluid passing through it. Materials that are compatible with the surrounding environment must be selected -certain materials may react with the fluids and cause corrosion or other damaging effects.

Rangeability, Flow Capacity and Accuracy Requirements

Rangeability determines how wide of a range of flow rates a ball valve is capable of handling. Flow capacity is the maximum flow rate that can be reliably handled by the ball valve, and accuracy requirements will determine whether a more precise or less precise design is needed with respect to flow control.

Flow capacity is typically determined by the bore size and pressure rating of the ball valves. The larger the valve bore, the greater the flow capacity that can be achieved. Higher pressure ratings mean higher flow capacities, and the design must take into consideration both the system’s operating pressure and maximum pressure requirement.

Size Restrictions and Pressure Drop Considerations

Size restrictions are determined by the application – for example, if the application requires access through a small opening, a smaller valve size may be needed to fit the space. Ball valves really work with butterfly valves. Pressure drop considerations involve understanding how much pressure will be lost from the opening of the ball valve and across the seat.

It will depend on the fluid flow rate and the pressure differential between two points when considering a specific ball valve size and configuration. Additionally, it’s important to choose a reliable ball and butterfly valves supplier who can provide high-quality valves that meet a specific requirements.

Leakage Control and Sealability

One of the most essential considerations when selecting a ball valve seat design is its ability to provide effective leakage control and sealability to guarantee the safe and reliable operation of the system. There are various seat materials and designs available, each providing its own unique benefits, so careful consideration should be given to which choice is best for the specific system requirements.

Cost-Effectiveness

The choice of materials for the seat should be based on criteria such as operating conditions, chemical compatibility, temperature range and corrosion resistance. A combination of materials may be needed to provide the ideal combination of stiffness and hardness for the application. In addition to material considerations, other factors that influence cost include valve size and pressure class, type of actuation, use of resilient seals and lubrication requirements.

Conclusion

Ultimately, the key to choosing the right seat is to understand the requirements for each project, select the proper materials for construction, and follow a rigorous quality assurance process. By considering all of these elements, designers can find the perfect seat for their ball valves.

Consumers should understand the different types of seats available and the considerations that need to be taken into account when choosing a seat for an application including a reputable industrial valves supplier.

 

STV is an industrial valve company that has been serving the industry for more than 20 years. The company produces a wide variety of valves, from ball valves, globe valves, butterfly valves, and much more. Their products are used in numerous industries such as water treatment, oil & gas, power generation, petrochemical, and many more.

STV also offers custom-designed valves to meet the specific needs of its customers. Contact STV   today for a customized ball valve seat design for any applications!

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What’s the Difference Between a Gate Valve and a Globe Valve?

gate valve

A gate valve and a globe valve are two types of valves that use liquids as their medium of motion. Their functions may be similar, but the way they operate differs significantly. Read on to learn more about these valves and their differences so one can make the right choice when it comes time to purchase one or the other. To help clarify any confusion, we’ve listed the main differences here to determine which type of stv valve may be better suited to the specific application.

What Is A Gate Valve?

A gate valve is used to control the flow of liquids and gasses. It is a versatile valve that can be used in various residential and industrial applications. Gate valve manufacturers offer these valves in multiple sizes and materials, making them suitable for different applications.

Gate valves are designed to be durable and reliable, offering several advantages over other types of valves. They are easy to operate and require little maintenance, making them a good choice for many applications. Gate valves are also less likely to leak than other valves, making them ideal for use in applications where leaks could be a problem.

gate valve

china-gate-valve-manufacturer/

What Is A globe Valve?

A globe valve is a type of valve used to stop the flow of liquid or gas in a system. It is usually installed at the end of a pipeline or section of piping. globe valves are often used in household plumbing systems to shut off the water supply to a fixture such as a sink or a toilet. They are also used in industrial and commercial applicationsto shut off the flow of liquids and gasses in a pipeline and best valves for oil and gas.

 

Difference Between a Gate Valve and a globe Valve

There are many types of valves used in plumbing and other industries. Two of the most common types are gate valves and globe valves. But what is the difference between these two types of valves? So, let’s discuss the difference based on the features and specifications of both valves.

How It Works

Gate valves are used to control the flow of liquids and gasses. They are often used in piping systems to regulate the flow of water or other fluids. On the other hand, stop valves are used to shut off the flow of liquids or gasses. They are often used in emergencies to shut off the flow of a substance quickly.

Structure

Gate valves have a gate that opens and closes to control the flow of liquids or gasses. The gate is usually made of metal or another durable material. Stop valves have a plug inserted into the valve’s opening to shut off the flow of liquids or gasses. The plug is usually made of rubber or another soft material. The main difference between gate valves and stop valves is their structure. Gate valves have a gate that opens and closes, while stop valves have a plug inserted into the opening.

The gate valve is more complicated than the stop valve and has a greater height dimension. The gate valve appears shorter and taller than the stop valve. Particularly the rising stem gate needs more height.

Sealing surface

The sealing surface on the gate valve is self-sealing. The valve core is tightly connected to the sealing surface at the valve seat, so it does not leak. To achieve sealing, the sealing surface must be sealed by force.

Rheostat

The entire flow path is apparent when the gate valve is fully open. This reduces the operating pressure loss for the medium. It has a lower flow resistance than the stop valve.

Direction of flow

The flow direction of the gate valve is the same in both directions. The installation of an outlet and inlet direction is not required. The medium can flow in both directions. The direction of the arrow on the valve body should direct the stop valve. The direction of the stop-valves inlet and outlet is clearly defined. The flow direction of the stop-valves should follow the three chemical supplies of  China’s industrial valves.

The cut-off valve has a low inlet and a high outlet. The pipeline is not located on the same horizontal phase as the pipe. The flow path of the gate valve is horizontal. The stroke of a gate valve is longer than that of a stop valve.

Working Principle

The stop valve opens and closes with a rising stem. This means that the handwheel rotates and rises and falls with the stem. The valve stem is made to rise and fall by rotating the gate valve, but the position of its handwheel remains the same. Different flow conditions exist, and the flow is different. The inlet and outlet directions for the stop valve are specified.

The inlet and outlet requirements for the gate valve are not required. The gate valve can be fully or partially closed. The gate valve’s opening and closing strokes are large, and the closing and opening times are long. The stroke of the globe-valve valve plate is more diminutive. Additionally, the globe-valve plate can be stopped at a specific place during flow regulation movement. The gate valve is only used for cut-off.

Performance Differences

Gate valves are designed to allow for a smooth, uninterrupted flow of fluid or gas. They do this by opening and closing a circular gate in the center of the valve. When the gate is open, fluid can flow freely through the valve. When the gate is closed, the flow of fluid is stopped.

How To Choose Between Gate Valve And A globe Valve?

Alt-text: How To Choose

There are a few factors to consider when deciding between a gate valve and a stop valve for needs. Here are five factors to keep in mind:

1. Functionality: Gate valves are typically used for applications where a large volume of fluid needs to be quickly shut off. They are also often used in applications where the fluid is highly viscous or contains solids, as the gate can seal against these without issue. On the other hand, stop valves are better suited for applications where precision is critical. This is because stop valves can be slowly opened or closed, allowing more control over the flow rate.

So, when deciding between a gate valve and a globe valve, one should consider the volume of fluid that needs to be controlled, the precision required, and the properties of the liquid.

The answer depends on the specific needs. What’s the need to do? A globe valve may be a better option if needed, a valve that can be opened and closed quickly. A gate valve may be a better option if needed, a valve that can be adjusted to regulate flow.

2. Pressure: Pressure is essential for two main reasons. First, it affects the amount of force required to operate the valve. A higher pressure requires more force, while a lower pressure requires less force. Second, pressure affects the seal on the valve. A higher pressure tends to cause a tighter seal, while a lower pressure can cause a leaky seal.

When choosing between a gate valve and a stop valve, then consider the system’s maximum operating pressure. The maximum operating pressure is the highest pressure that the system can safely handle. If the maximum working pressure is exceeded, there is a risk of damage to the system or injuries to people using it. Gate valves are high-pressure valves, while stop valves can be used for both high and low-pressure applications.

3. Cost: There are many factors to consider when choosing between a gate valve and a stop valve, but the cost is often one of the most important. Gate valves are typically more expensive than stop valves, but they offer several advantages that may make them worth the extra cost. For example, gate valves are less likely to leak and provide a tight seal that can help prevent water damage. If cost is a significant consideration, compare the prices of both types of valves before making a decision.

4. Maintenance: When choosing between a gate valve and a stop valve for the industrial process, it is essential to consider the maintenance requirements of each type of valve. Gate valves require more frequent maintenance than globe valves, as the moving parts of the gate valve are more likely to wear down over time. On the other hand, globe valves have fewer moving parts and thus require less maintenance.

5. Installation: When choosing between a gate valve and a stop valve, it is essential to consider the ease of installation. At the same time,globe valves are typically much easier to install, especially in tight spaces. On the other hand, gate valves can be more challenging to install, but they are often the better choice for specific applications.

6. Material: One of the most important is the material the valve will be made from. Depending on the application, one material may be better suited than another. For example, if the valve is exposed to high temperatures, a material like stainless steel valve may be a better choice than brass.

Bottomline

In conclusion, there are several critical differences between gate valves and stop valves. Gate valves are designed to allow or prevent flow, while stop valves are designed to control pressure. Gate valves are generally more durable and reliable, making them the better choice for most industrial applications. If unsure which type of valve is required for application, contact us, and we will be happy to help to choose the correct valve for the job.

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What is a Check Valve?

What is a Check Valve?

The valve that is used to prevent backflow in a piping system is known as a check valve. It is also known as a non-return valve or NRV. The pressure of the fluid passing through a pipeline opens the valve, while any reversal of flow will close the valve.

It allows full unobstructed flow and automatically shuts as pressure decreases. The exact operation will vary depending on the mechanism of the valve.

Parts of Non-Return Valve

It consists of the body, cover, disk, hinge pin, and seat ring. In the image below, you can see the parts of the valve.

check valve parts

Types of Valves

The type of disk will decide the type of valve. The most common types of Check valves are

  • Swing Type.
    • Top Hinged
    • Tilting disk
  • Lift Type
    • Piston Type
    • Ball type
  • Dual Plate Type
  • Stop Check Valve

Let’s learn about each of them.

Swing Check Valve

swing check valve with parts

Image – DOE Handbook

The disc in a swing-type valve is unguided as it fully opens or closes. This Valve operates when there is flow in the line and gets fully closed when there is no flow. Turbulence and pressure drop in the valve is very low. Disk and seat designs can be metal to metal or metal to composite.

The angle between the seat and the vertical plane is known as the seating angle and varies from 0 to 45 degrees.  Usually, the seat angles are in the range of 5 to 7 degrees. Larger seat angles reduce the disc travel, resulting in quick closing, thus minimizing the possibility of a water hammer. A vertical seat has a 0-degree angle.

The swing-type valve allows full, unobstructed flow and automatically closes as pressure decreases. Usually installed in combination with gate valves because they provide relatively free flow combinations.

A basic swing-type valve consists of a valve body, a bonnet, and a disk that is connected to a hinge.

Tilting disk Check Valve

Image – DOE Handbook

The tilting disc-type valve is designed to overcome conventional swing-type valves’ weaknesses. The design of the tilting disk enables the valve to open fully and remain steady at lower flow rates and close quickly when the forwarding flow stops.

The dome-shaped disc floats in the flow and fluid flow on both the bottom and top of the disk surfaces. As the disk is spring-loaded, the spring force helps the valve close fast when forward flow pressure reduces.  In the image above, you can see the flow from the valve.

Tilting Disc type Valve is available in wafer type and lug type design.

Ball Type and Plug Type Lift NRV

The seat design of a lift Check valve is similar to a Globe valve. A piston or a ball is usually used as a disk.

Lift Check valves are particularly suitable for high-pressure service where the velocity of flow is high. The disk is perfectly set on the seat with full contact. They are suitable for installation in horizontal or vertical pipelines with upward flow.

When the flow enters below the seat, a disk is raised from the seat by the pressure of the upward flow. When the flow stops or reverses, the backflow and gravity force the disk downward to set on the seat. Commonly used in piping systems that used globe valves as a flow control valve.

ball and plug type lift check valve with cross section

You can see the plug or piston type and ball type check valve here. These valves provide superior leak-tight characteristics to those of swing check valves.

Some design in plug type uses spring to retain the disk in a closed position. This will ensure that the valve allows fluid flow only when there is enough pressure in the flow direction.

A ball-type valve is very simple as it works on the gravity principle. When there is enough pressure in the flow, it lifts the ball upward, but when pressure is reduced, the ball rolls down and closes the opening.

 

Dual Plate / Dual Disc Check Valve

dual plate check valve

A dual plate check valve is known as a butterfly check valve, Folding Disc Check valve, double-disc, or splits disc check valve. As the name suggests, two halves of the disk move towards the centreline with the forward flow, and with reverse flow, two halves open and rest on the seat to close the flow (Flapping action).

The use of the Dual Plate Check Valve is popular in low-pressure liquid and gaseous services. Its lightweight and compact construction make it a preferable choice when space and convenience are important.

It is 80 to 90% lighter than the conventional full-body check valve. Frequently used in systems that used butterfly valves. The cost of installation & maintenance is very low compared to other type

Stop Check Valve

stop check valve parts

Image- DOE Handbook

Stop Check Valve is a combination of a lift check valve and a globe valve. It can either be used as a check valve or as an isolation (stop) valve like a globe valve. These valves can be closed with the help of a stem that is not connected to the valve disc during normal operation, making it possible to use these valves as a regular NRV.

However, the stem is used when needed to hold the free-floating disc against the valve seat, just like a globe valve. These valves are available in tee, wye, and angle patterns. Swing and piston lift valves are commonly used as stop check valves.

Application of Check Valve (NRV)

Check valves (Non-return valves) are used in a piping system to prevent backflow. The rotary equipment’s discharge line, such as the pump and compressor, is always fitted with a check valve to prevent backflow.

Advantages & Disadvantages

Can you guess why I have not mentioned any advantages or disadvantages of the check valve?

The only function of a Non-return valve is to prevent backflow. There is no better alternative. Yes, you can choose the best NRV from the various available type that you have learned, but you cannot supplement the Non-return valve with another valve.

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What is Globe Valve?

A globe valve is a linear motion valve that stops, starts, and regulates fluid flow. The globe valve disk can be removed entirely from the flow path, or it will completely close the flow path. During the opening and closing of the valve, the disc moves perpendicularly to the seat.

This movement creates the annular space between the disk and seat ring that gradually closes as the valve closes. This characteristic provides the globe valve good throttling ability required for regulating the flow.

Leakage from the globe valve seat is less as compared to the gate valve, mainly due to right-angle contact between the disc and seat ring, which allows a tighter seal between the seat and the disc

Globe Valve Diagram

In the below globe valve diagram, you can see how the globe valve functions. The image also shows flow direction.

globe valve diagram

Image- By Petteri Aimonen

Globe valves can be arranged in such a way that the disk closes against the flow or in the same direction of flow.

When the disk closes in the flow direction, the fluid’s kinetic energy helps close but obstructs the opening. This characteristic is preferable when a quick-acting stop is required.

When the disk closes against the flow direction, the fluid’s kinetic energy obstructs closing but helps open the valve. This characteristic is preferable when a quick-acting start is required.

Globe Valve Parts

In the image below, you can see the globe valve parts such as Body, Bonnet, Stem, Seat, Disk, etc.

globe valve with parts drawing

Image- TROUVAY & CAUVIN

Globe Valve Disk Types

Globe valve is available in many different types of disc arrangement. The most used disk designs are listed below.

  1. Ball Type
  2. Needle Type
  3. Composite type
globe valve disc types - ball type and needle type

The ball disk design is used in low-pressure and low-temperature systems. It is capable of throttling flow, but in principle, it is used to stop and start the flow.

Needle disk design provides better throttling as compared to ball or composition disk design. A wide variety of long and tapered plug disks are available to suit different flow conditions.

A composition disk is used to achieve better shutoff. A hard, non-metallic insert ring is used in composition disk design.

Types of Globe Valve

Depending on the type of body, there are three types of globe valves;

  1. Z types
  2. Y types
  3. Angle Types

  4. Z types Globe Valve

    The simplest design and most common type is a Z-body. The Z-shaped partition inside the globular body contains the seat. The horizontal seating arrangement of the seat allows the stem and disk to travel perpendicular to the pipe axis resulting in a very high-pressure loss.

    The valve seat is easily accessible through the bonnet, which is attached to a large opening at the top of the valve body. The stem passes through the bonnet like a gate valve.

    This design simplifies manufacturing, installation, and repair. This type of valve is used where pressure drop is not a concern and throttling is required.

    Z types Globe Valve with cross section drawing

    Y types Globe Valve

    The Y-type design is a solution for the high-pressure drop problem in Z-type valves. The seat and stem are angled at approximately 45° to the pipe axis in this type. Y-body valves are used in high pressure and other critical services where pressure drop is concerned.

    Angle types Globe Valve

    The angle globe valve turns the flow direction by 90 degrees without using an elbow and one extra pipe weld. Disk open against the flow. This type of globe valve can also be used in the fluctuating flow condition, as they can handle the slugging effect.

    Globe Valve Types based on Body Bonnet Connection

    Screwed bonnet: This is the simplest design available, and it is used for inexpensive valves.

    Bolted-bonnet: This is the most popular design and is used in a large number of globe valves. This requires a gasket to seal the joint between the body and the bonnet.

    Welded-Bonnet: This is a popular design where disassembly is not required. They are lighter in weight than their bolted-bonnet counterparts.

    Pressure-Seal Bonnet: This type is used extensively for high-pressure, high-temperature applications. The higher the body cavity pressure, the greater the force on the gasket in a pressure-seal valve.

    Application of Globe valve

    Globe Valves are used in systems where flow control is required, and leak tightness is also important.

    • It is used in high-point vents and low-point drains when leak tightness and safety are major concerns. Otherwise, you can use a gate valve for the drain and vent.
    • It can be used in Feed-water, chemical, air, lube oil, and almost all services where pressure drop is not an issue.
    • This valve is also used as an automatic control valve, but in that case, the stem of the valve is a smooth stem rather than threaded and is opened and closed by the lifting action of an actuator assembly.

    Advantages

    • Better shut off as compared to gate valve.
    • Good for frequent operation as no fear of wear of seat and disk
    • Easy to repair, as the seat and disk can be accessed from the valve top
    • Fast operation compares to gate valve due to shorter stroke length
    • Usually operated by an automatic actuator

    Disadvantages

    • High head loss from two or more right-angle turns of flowing fluid within the valve body.
    • Obstructions and discontinuities in the flow path lead to a high head loss.
    • In a large high-pressure line, pulsations and impacts can damage internal trim parts.
    • A large valve requires considerable power to open and create noise while in operation.
    • It is heavier than other valves of the same pressure rating.
    STV is one of the leading China globe valve suppliers focus on the design, manufacturing and supply of various globe valves. We are not only provide high-qualified products but also whole industrial valve solutions.
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Valve Trim and Parts Including API Trim Charts

A valve is an assembled product. Valve external parts and Valve trim parts such as Body, Bonnet, Disk/wedge, Seat, Stam, Gland Packing / Stud & Bolt / Gasket / Handwheel are all manufactured independently and assembled in a valve factory.

In the image below, you can see the main parts of a valve.

Parts of a valve

Image – Velan

You can see the cutout of the gate valve. The main components of the valve are listed below.

  • Body
  • Bonnet
  • Stem
  • Disk/Wedge
  • Seat, Packings
  • York
  • Bolt
  • Sleeves
  • Actuator
  • Backseat

Let’s learn about each of these parts of a valve.

YouTube Video

Valve Body or Shell

The body is the main pressure retaining part and accommodates valve trim. It provides the passage for fluid flow. The body may be cast, forged, or fabricated. Sometimes valve bodies are manufactured by a combination of cast, forged, or fabricated parts. Various metals, alloys, and non-metals are used to manufacture the valve body. The valve body is also known as a shell.

The ends of the valve are designed to connect the valve with pipe or equipment. Ends connections can be a butt, socket, threaded, or flanged type, and sometimes it simply sandwiches between two pipe flanges that are known as wafer ends.

Valve body parts

A valve body has different types of passages through which fluid passes. The design of these passages depends on the function of a valve.

  • The first body type is Reduced bore; in this type, the passage diameter of the valve is smaller than the connecting This is the most common design as it will reduce overall valve cost and, at the same time it, narrows the fluid flow.
  • The second type is a Full bore; in this type, the inside passage diameter of the valve is the same as connecting pipe. This type of body is used when pigging is required. Pigging is used for various purposes, such as cleaning and inspection of the pipeline.
  • The third type is Crossflow or Split section body, this kind of body is used mainly in the globe valve, piston, or plug type check valve.

You can see the images of all three types of bodies.

Full bore vs reduce bore valve

You can now easily work out the difference between the full-bore valve and reducing the bore valve from the above image.

Bonnet or Cover

The cover for the valve body is known as a bonnet. Like valve bodies, bonnets are also available in many designs.

Valve bonnet

Some bonnets function simply as a valve cover. For example, the swing check valve is shown in the photo. While others support valve internals and accessories such as the stem, disk, and actuator. In the case of the gate, globe, stop check, and diaphragm valves, the bonnet contains an opening for the valve stem to pass through. Usually, a stuffing box is also a part of the bonnet.

Some valves have a bonnetless design in which the valve body and bonnet are combined into one. You can see the bonnetless valve photo. In a split body ball valve, there is no bonnet because the body is split into two sections.

There are many ways to connect a bonnet with a body, such as bolting, threading, and welding. The body-bonnet joint is one of the primary sources of the leak; that is why it should be a pressure-tight. The bonnet is cast or forged of the same material as the body.

Valve bonnet types

What is Valve Trim?

The removable and replaceable internal parts of the valve that come in contact with the flow medium are collectively known as valve trim. Disc, valve seat, and stem are common for all the valves.

Valve Trim components will change with the types of valves. Valve-specific trim includes a back seat, glands, spacers, guides, bushings, retaining pins, and internal springs. Here in the image, you can see the gate valve trim parts. Because of the trim parts, disk movement and flow control are possible.

gate Valve trim parts

Disk

The first valve trim part is a disc. The disc is the part that allows, throttles, or stops fluid flow depending on its position. Types of disks define the name of the valve such as gate, ball, plug, and needle valve’s disk are also of the same shape as the name.

A valve disc could be cast, forged, or fabricated.  The valve disk is sometimes required hard facing to improve wear resistance. Disk needed smooth machine surface to reduce the friction with a seat. The valve disk is a pressure-retaining part.

That means the disk holds the pressure.  When the valve is open, the disc does not perform pressure-retaining or -containing functions. However, when the valve is closed, the disc performs pressure-retaining functions.

Valve Disk Types

A disc rests against the stationary valve seat when the valve is in the closed position. It can be moved away from the seat by the movement of the stem. However, in check and safety-relief valves, fluid flow and pressure move the disc away from the seat.

Seat

The seat provides the seating surface for the disk. Here, you can see the gate valve seat in the above image. A valve may have multiple seats. In the case of a globe valve and swing-check valve, there is one seat. A gate valve and ball valve have two seats; one on the upstream side and the other on the downstream side.

The valve leakage rate is directly proportional to the effectiveness of the seal between the valve disc and seat(s).  Valve seats may be integral or replaceable rings. Valves are generally provided with a screwed, welded, or integrally cast or forged seat and hardened by heat treatment or by the hard facing of Stellite weld overlay.

A fine surface finish of the seating area is necessary for proper sealing. Some ball valves & plug valves used the non-metallic seat for non-critical services.  Valve manufacturers have developed several designs of combination valve seats involving elastomer and metal seats that are effective in achieving the desired leak tightness, which cannot be achieved only by metal seats.

Back Seat

The back seat is comprised of a shoulder on the stem and a mating surface on the underside of the bonnet. You can see it in the image. It forms a seal when the stem is in a fully open position. It prevents leakage of flow medium to the packing chamber and consequently to the environment. The back seat enables the replacement of the gland packing when the valve is in service

Stem

The stem connects the actuator and disk. It moves and positions the valve disk. The valve stem transports the required motion to the disc, plug, or ball for opening, closing, or positioning the valve. The stem connects the actuator, handwheel, or the lever of the valve at one end and the disc on the other end.

In gate and globe valves, the linear motion of the disc opens or closes the valve, while in the plug, ball, and butterfly valves, the disc rotates to open or shut the valve. Stems are typically forged from stainless steel and connected to the disk by threaded or welded joints.

Valve non pressure parts

Bonnet Bolt & Gland Eyebolt

Bonnet bolt or stud, hold the bonnet and body to create a presser tight seal between them. Gland eyebolt serves two functions. First, it connects the gland flange and bonnet. Second, when you tighten the bolt, it pushes the gland bush to retain gland packing in the stuffing box.

York, Yoke Bushing, Yoke Nut

The yoke is also called arms. It connects the valve body or bonnet with the actuating mechanism. The yoke and bonnet are designed as a one-piece construction in many valve designs. A yoke must be sturdy enough to withstand forces, moments, and torque developed by the actuator.

The top of the yoke holds a yoke nut. The valve stem passes through the York. It converts the rotary motion of the actuator into linear motion and moves the valve stem.

Yoke Bushings, also known as stem nut, is an internally threaded nut held at the top of a yoke through which the valve stem pass. Usually, the yoke nut and bush are made of a softer material than the stem to reduce the effort of valve opening. Valves that require greater effort to open or close are provided with anti-freeze yoke-sleeve bearings that minimize the friction between the hardened stem and the yoke bushing.

Non-pressure Retaining Parts of a Valve

Gland Flange is used to provide support to the gland bush to keep the gland packing under tension in the stuffing box.

The Bush or Gland sleeve keeps the gland packing inside the stuffing box.

Stem packing or Gland packing or contained in the stuffing box. Gland packings are made from graphite or PTFE as required by services. Proper compression of gland packing is required to prevent the leak from the stem.

With the help of gland flange and sleeve, you can compress the gland packing. Gland packing is one of the primary sources of fugitive emission in a process plant. Regular maintenance is required to ensure the proper function of packing.

Valve Trim Chart

Trim materials such as disks, seats, stem, back sheet, and sleeves are grouped together and assigned one number called Trim No. or Combination number. This will element the requirement of defining material grade for each component.

  • API 600 & 602 gives the list of Trim material that can be used in the valve.
  • The most common trim grades are ASTM A410(13Cr), ASTM A316, Alloy 20 (19Cr-29Ni), and Monel (CuNi Alloy).

Here in the image, you can see the simplified chart of the trim material. Against trim number, the seat, disc, backseat, and stem material are specified. This makes it easier to order the valve as you just have to specify trim no based on the requirements and need not specify the material for each of the parts. This list is included in the resource section.

API trim chart for valve
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